Geography: Mountains

Pyrenees

Sierra Nevada

Much of Spain's landscape is mountainous, and mountain ranges have left a significant mark on the nation's culture, history, and identity. Some of these majestic summits serve as vital water sources, the origins to major rivers that flow downstream and nurture communities, agriculture, and livelihoods. Historically, these imposing peaks have offered strategic advantages as natural fortresses, providing protection to civilizations and communities vying for dominance in the region. The mountain ranges have also played a pivotal role in shaping trade routes and influencing patterns of human migration, while becoming symbols of strength, endurance, and resilience in Spanish folklore, literature, and art.

The table below presents information about Spain's most prominent mountain peaks.

Highest Peaks	Elevation	Mountain Range	Type of Range
Mount Teide	3,715 m (12,188 ft)	Canary Islands (Tenerife)	Volcanic
Mulhacén	3,482 m (11,424 ft)	Sierra Nevada	Fold
Aneto	3,404 m (11,168 ft)	Pyrenees	Fold
Veleta	3,394 m (11,135 ft)	Sierra Nevada	Fold
Pico Posets	3,369 m (11,053 ft)	Pyrenees	Fold
Alcazaba	3,369 m (11,053 ft)	Sierra Nevada	Fold
Monte Perdido	3,355 m (11,007 ft)	Pyrenees	Fold
Pico Maldito	3,350 m (10,990 ft)	Pyrenees	Fold
Espadas Peak	3,332 m (10,932 ft)	Pyrenees	Fold
Cilindro de Marboré	3,328 m (10,919 ft)	Pyrenees	Fold